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GROGHETING MACHINE. No. 448,664. Patented Mar. 24, 189i.

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GEORGE D. MUN SING, OF MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO EDGAR J. OOUPER AND A. O. PAUL, BOTI-l OF SAME PLACE.

CROOHETlNG-IVIACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 448,664, dated March 24, 1891,

Application filed October 17, 1838. Serial No. 288,301. (No model.)

To all whom t may concern.- through a worm 10 from the shaft 5. The Be it known that I, GEORGE D. MUNSING, shaft 11 is provided at its upper end with a of Minneapolis, in the county of Hennepin pattern-wheel 21, having a groove 22, which and State of Minnesota, have invented a cerdetermines the pattern of the fabric. This 5 5 5 tain new and useful Orochetinglachine, of wheel is preferably secured to its shaft by a which the following is a specification. set-screw 23, which permits it to be removed The object of my invention is to provide a and another wheel substituted at pleasure. machine for the manufacture of crocheted Mounted in stationary bearingsat the front fabric, either in the form of an edging ortrimend of the bed-frame is the shaft 25, which 6o ro ming for another fabric or as a complete web. is provided with the ratchet-wheel 27 and I design the machine particularly for makwith the fabric-holding feed-wheel 29. The ing what is known as shell-work trimming,7 wheel`2) is provided with a flanged rim havused particularly for the finish of knitted uning a series of notches 31 and a series of dergarl'nents, blankets, or fancy articles. points 33. A pawl-bar 35 engages the ratchet- 65 15 In the accompanying drawings, forming a wheel 27, and its opposite end is connected part of this specification, Figure 1 is a side to the lower end of a pivoted lever 317, which elevation of a machine constructed in accordis preferably mounted upon the column 9. ance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a plan of A camprojection 30 is secured to the under the same. Fig. 3 is a front end elevation. side of the pattern-wheel 21. At each revo- 7o zo Fig. i is a side elevation showing the oppolution of the pattern-wheel the lever37 is visite side of the machine from Fig. 1. Figs. 5, brated, and thereby the ratchet-Wheel is G, and 7 are details showing several positions turned bythe bar 35. The wheel 29 is thereby of the needle, latch,stitch-holder, and. threadturned with a step-bystep motion. The lecarrier. Figs. S, 9, 10, and 11 are details of ver 37 is retracted by a suitable spring 36. 75 z 5 the mechanism for operating the stitch-holder. A spring presser-foot 41 is arranged over the Fig. 12 is a vertical detail section of the neefeed-wheel, and is preferably cut away in the (lle-bar and needle. Figs. 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, center, so that the points move freely through 1S, 19, 20, and 21 are details illustrating the the slot in the presser-foot. Aslot is cutinto movements of the needle and the thread-car the side of the presser-foot connecting with the 8o V3o rier. Fig. 22 is a detail of the presser-foot. slotinthecenterthereof,andtherebyforminga Fig. 23 is a detail, on an enlarged scale, of a horn 0rlingerat2,overwhichthethreadisdrawn shell made by the machine.- Fig. 24 is a deas the needle-bar swings away from the lfeedtail illustratingafabric made on the machine. wheel and off from which the loops slip as Fig.25 is a view on a larger scale of the back the fabric is advanced. The standard 9 is 85 3 5 of the shell. y hollow and receives a vertical shaft 43, which In the drawings, 2 represents the base of is arranged therein. Secured upon the top the machine, which may be of any suitable of the shaft 113 is an arm 15, which extends to size and shape. the front of the machine and supports the Mounted in suitable bearings 3, which are needle-bar. The needle-bar 117 is arranged 9o 4o preferably secured upon the base 2, is the to move vertically in suitable bearings armain driving-shaft 5,provided with a suitable ranged at the forward end of the bar 45. The pulley 7, by means of which power may be shaft 43 is given an oscillatory movement, as applied to the shaft. hereinafter described, and thereby the nee- Secured to or formed upon the base-plate 2 die-bar and all of the parts supported by the 95 i5 is a standard or column E), which supports the bar 45 are moved away from and toward the main portion of the operating parts of the mafeed-wheel. An arm i9 is pivoted upon the Chine bar 415 and its forward end'is connect-ed with A vertical shaft 11 is mounted in suitable the needle-bar and its rear end is connected bearings 13 and 15 upon the base-plate 2 and by a gimbal-joint 51 with a vertical rod 53, roo 5o standard 9. This shaft is preferably provided whose lower end carries a strap eccentric that with a worm-gear 17, by which it is driven is arranged upon the shaft 5. As the shaft is rotated the arm t9 is vibrated, and thereby the needle-bar is raised and lowered. An arm 5 5 is secured upon the bar 45 and extends over and engages the pattern-wheel 21. This wheel is provided with a pattern-groove 22, into which projects a rolleron the arm 55. By this means the oscillatory movement is given to the shaft 43. The groove 22 in the Wheel 21 may be of any preferred shape in order to secure the pattern desired.

Supported by the arm 45 so as to move laterally with the needle-bar is a thread-carrier 57, which is arranged beneath the needle-bar, as shown in Figs. 3, 5, C, and 7. This threadcarrier preferably consists of a small cylinder having a hook-shaped point or bill 59 arranged at one side thereof. The lower part of the thread-carrier is preferably provided with a spiral 61. A traveler 63, secured upon the end of a pivoted lever (55, engages this spiral. The lever G5 is pivoted uponthe stud 67, that is in turn pivoted upon the base-plate 2, the pivots of the lever and stud being at right angles to each other. The opposite end of the lever is pivoted to a connecting-rod (56, that engages an eccentric upon the shaft 5. By this means the lever G5 is vibrated upon its pivot and the thread-carrier is given an oscillatory movement. The yarn or thread is passed over a suitable tension device G9 under a guide and through a centralopening in the cylinder 57. It is then passed through eyes in the hook or thread carrier 59.

The needle orlooper that I prefer to use in this machine is a hooked needle with a sliding latch. Itis shown in detail in Fig. 12. The needle 73 is provided with a hook 75, and a latch 77 is arranged to slide in the shank of the needle and close the hook. The needle is secured to the needle -bar in the usual manner and is reciprocated thereby. The latch 77 is connected by a lug or other snitable means, with a rod 81, mounted in bearings 82 upon the front of the bar rh15. A spring 80 is arranged to bear upon the rod 31. The friction between the rod S1 and the spring` 8O is sufficient to cause the rod and the latch to remain stationary except when power is applied to move them. lVhen the needle-bar begins to descend, the latch remains stationary. The lower end of the needle-bar then strikes the lug 79 on the latch, after which the needle and latch descend together with the latch open. lVhen the needle begins to ascend, the latch remains stationary until the end of the hook strikes the lower end of the latch, after which the needle and latch ascend together, with the latch closed. A pin 83 projects from the side of the rod S1 and passes through the slot in an arm S5. The arm 85 is pivoted upon a stationary arm 87, that is secured to the standard 9. The arm 85 is capable of moving` vertically about its pivot, but has no lateral movement. As the needle-bar is swung away from and toward the feed-wheel the pin 83 slides in the slot in the arm 85. A lug S9 projects laterally from the side of the needle-bar.

As shown in Fig. 2, there is preferably a bend in the arm 35 which brings the outer end of it nearer to the needle-bar than the rear end. lVhen the needle-bar is swung away from the feed-wheel, as shown in Figs. 3, 5, and (5, the lug 89 passes the arm S5 without touching it, as the needle-bar reciprocates. Then the needle-bar is over the feed-wheel, as shown in Fig. 7, the lug S9 strikes the arm 85 as the needle-bar rises and moves the arm 85 and with it the rod 81 and latch 77. As the radius upon which the arm S5 turns is shorter than that of the arm 49 by which the needle-bar is moved, it follows that the movement of the arm 85 will be more rapid than that of the arm Li9, and consequently that the latch will move faster than the needle, thereby opening the hook in the needle and permitting any loop or loops on the needle to fall into the hook.

A stitch or loop holder 91 is arranged to operate in connection with the needle forthe purpose of holding the loop or loops upon the needle while the needle passes down. This loop-holder consists, preferably, of a finger that is secured upon a lever 93, that is pivoted upon the stud 95, that is in turn pivotally secured upon a plate 97, supported upon the bar 45. A shaft 92 is supported in bearings upon the bar a5 and is connected by a universal joint with a short shaft 90, that is in turn connected by a universal joint with a vertical shaft 9G, that is driven by bevelgears 94E from the main shaft 5. The shaft 92 is provided with the cam-wheel 98, upon which rests a roll lOl, upon the upper end of the lever 93. A notch is formed in the peripheral face of the can1-wheel,into which the roll 101 drops as the cam-wheel is rotated. At the point opposite the notch the side of the wheel is cut away so as to permit the upper end of the lever 93 to swing toward the side of the wheel, as indicated by Figs. 9 and 11. A spring 103 is preferably arranged to hold the upper end of the lever against the peripheral face of the cam-wheel. By the means described the loop-holder is brought into the various positions shown in Figs. 13 to 21. It first passes in front of the needle, as indicated in Figs. 16 and 17, then under the needle, as indicated in Fig. 18, to the position shown in Fig. 19, taking the thread and holding the loop while the needle passes down through it. It remains in this position, as indicated in Fig. 20, while the needle passes down and up, and is then withdrawn, as indicated in Fig. 21.

The operation of the machine is as follows: It being desired, for instance, to form a shell or series of shells on the edge of the fabric, the machine is provided with the desired pattern-wheel and the fabric is placed upon the feed-wheel with its edge over the spurs or points. The loop of the thread beingheld by ICO the hook of the needle, and the needle and thread-carrier being in the position shown in Fig. 1, the needle passes down through the fabric and through one of the notches in the feed-wheel. The loop in the hook of the needle slips up over the latch onto the body of the needle, as shown in Fig. 20. The latch descends part way with the needle and then stops, so that the hook is open when the needle reaches the lowest point in its travel. The thread-carrier winds the thread around the needle, laying it into the hook, as shown in Fig. 15. The needle then begins to ascend, carrying with it the loop last laid in the hook. This loop is drawn through the fabric. The latch is, however, now opened by the lug S9 striking the arm S5, and the loop already on the body of the needle drops into the hook with the other. The needle-bar is now moved laterally away from the feed-wheel, both loops being carried in the hook of the needle and the loops drawing over the horn on the presser-foot. The thread-carrier moves laterally in unison with the movement of the needle-bar. Vhen the needle-bar reaches the outer point in its travel, the needle again descends, this time passing through. bothof the loops, which remain on the needle and which are held by the stitch or loop holder 91. XVhen the needle has reached the lower point on its travel, the thread-carrier lays another loop in the hook. The needle now ascends and this loop is drawn through the loops on the needle, which are now cast off, forming a double stitch. iWhen the needle ascends this time, the latch remains stationary'until the hook on the needle strikes the point of the latch, after which the needle and latch move together. As the hook is not open this time the loop or loops on the needle are cast off and a stitch is formed. This operation may be repeated, as many times as desired, forming a series of chain-stitches. When as many stitches as desired have been formed, the needle and thread carrier are swung back to the position shown in Fig. 7 and the operation first described is repeated. These operations are continued, the feed-wheel remaining stationary and the needle descending through the same pointin the fabric until a complete shell is formed. In order to form the shell of proper shape the needle-bar is moved laterally each time a little farther until the central point of the shell is reached. Afterthatthe lateral movements decrease until the shell is completed, these movements being governed by the shape of the groove 22 in the cam-wheel 2l. Instead of forming a double stitch, as above described, a single or triple or other stitch may be formed. After the shell is completed the feed-wheel is turned automatically a sufficient distance and then remains stationary while the next shell is formed. As the feedwheel advances, the shell already formed slips off from the horn on the presser-foot. One or more chain-stitches will ordinarilybe formed 1 between the shells. By changing the pattern-wheel the size, shape, and style of the shells may be varied. After one series of shells has been formed another series may be formed on the edges of the first series, and so on, as indicated by the diagram Fig. 24, thereby forming a complete fabric. Byarranging a thread on the feed-wheel over which the loops are formed a series of shells may be made without attaching them to a previouslyformed fabric.

The machine by a proper modication of its pattern-wheel may be used to form a series of chain-stitches connected to the edge of a fabric or joined together, forming a fabric or network. The feed-wl1eel maybe made to advance the fabric as each stitch is formed, thereby forming a plain straight edgingto the fabric. i

By the term intermitting-acting feed mech anism, as herein employed, is meant a feeding mechanism so constructed or timed in its action that two or more complete stitches or a series of stitches may be produced by the stitch-forming mechanism, while the fabric or material remains uniniiuenced by the feed as contradistinguished from the ordinary or four-motion feed,in which the material is advanced after the completion of each stitch. The functional difference between the two classes of feed mechanisms is this, that by the first a series of stitches may be made in substantially the same place, the fabric remaining stationary, while in the second the material or fabric is advanced and its relation to the needle changed between successive 0peraticns of the stitclrforming devices..

I am aware thatin certain button-hole machines laterally-reciprocating stitch-forming mechanism has been employed in connection with ordinary feed mechanism; but in such cases the material is advanced after the formation of each stitch.

l claim as my inventionl. In a crochet-machine, the combination of a stitch-forming mechanism provided with a thread carrier and a looper movable laterally of the line of feed and co-operating` in dierent planes to form and unite successive loops, a finger or horn over which said loops are formed, and an intermittingly-acting feed mechanism operating to advance the fabric after the formation of two or more loops,sub stantially as described.

2. In a machine substantially such as described for forming a scallop or shell-like border upon the edges of fabrics, the combination of the following co-operating parts or mechanisms: a stitch forming mechanism having a threadcarrier and a looper cto-operating to form stitches, a finger or horn located adjacent the edge of the fabric around which the stitches are formed, and a feeding mechanism operating upon the fabric toadvance the latter after a series of stitches have been completed at one point by the stitchforming mechanism, for the purpose set forth.

IOO

IIO

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In a crochet-machine, the combination of the following cti-operating parts or mechanisms: a stitch-forming mechanism having a thread-carrier and a looper co-operating to form stitches, a horn or finger located in proximity to the path traversed by the stitchforming devices, and an intermittently-acting feed mechanism provided with a spurred feedwheel having points for penetrating the material or fabric, said feed-wheel serving to sustain the fabric against lateral displacement during the formation of the stitches, su bstantially as described.

l. lu a crochet-machine, the combination of a stitch-'forming mechanism comprising a thread-carrier and a looper movable laterally of the line of feed to lay loops at an angle thereto, a horn or finger located intermediate the path traversed by looper and thread-carn ricr in forming the stitches, an intermittentlyacting feed mechanism provided with spurs or pins upon which the fabric is impaled and held, and a presser-foot for holding the fabric on the spurs or pins, substantially as described.

5. ln a crochet-machine, the combination of a stitch-forming mechanism movable laterally of the line of feed and provided with a threadcarrier and a looper, a horn or iinger supported between the planes in which the looper and thread-carrier have lateral movement, and a spurred feed-Wheel for engaging the fabric to advance the latter and sustain it during the lateral movements of the stitchforming mechanism.

G. In a crochet-machine, the combination of a stitch-forming mechanism reciprocating laterally of the line of feed and provided with a thread-carrier and a looper co-operating` in different planes to draw loops around a support, a horn or finger around which said loops are drawn, and a feed mechanism provided With spurs upon which the fabric is impaled, said spurs being located to one side of and projecting vertically beyond the said horn or finger.

7. ln a crochet-machine, the combination of a stitch-forming mechanism provided with a thread-carrier and a looper and movable laterally of the line of feed, a finger or horn on which the loops are formed, and a spurred feed-Wheel beneath said horn or linger and having its spurs or pins projecting above said horn or linger.

S. ln a crochet-machine, the combination of a stitch-form ing mechanism mo vablc laterally of the line of feed, an intermittingly-acting feed mechanism, and a cam mechanism controlling the lateral movements of the stitchforming mechanism and operating to vary the extent of movement during the formation of successive stitches.

t). ln a machine such as described, the combination of a stitch-forming mechanism having a thread-carrier and a looper, the latter engaging the thread in the carricrand drawing loops on alternately-opposite sides of the fabric and interlooping said loops to form stitches on or near the edge of the fabric, and a feeding mechanism operating upon the fabric to advance the latter after a series of stitches have been completed by the stitchforming mechanism.

lO. ln a crochet-machine, the combination, with a reciprocating latch-needle movable laterally of the line of feed, of a rotary and laterally-movable thread-carrier with which the needle co-operates at the extremes of its lateral movement, and an intermittingly-acting feed mechanism.

ll. ln a crochet-machine, the combination, with the intermittinOly-acting spurred feed- Wheel and the presser-foot opposite the pcriphery of said wheel and provided with a horn or finger, of the reciprocating and laterally-movable needle and the laterally-movable th read-carrier, su bstantiallyas described.

l2. In combination with a reciprocating and laterally-movable latched needle. a threadcarrier oscillating about an axis substantially parallel With the needle and mounted upon a laterally-reciprocating support.

13. lu combination with a reciprocatingand laterally-movable latched needle, a laterallymovable thread-carrier having a rotary motion about the needle.

l-l. In combination with a longitudinally and laterally reciprocating latched needle, a spurred feed-Wheel mounted upon an axis transverse to the needle, and an oscillatory thread-carrier movable toward and from the feed-Wheel.

15. In combination with a reciprocating latched needle, a thread-carrier rotated about the needle in a plane transverse to the axis of the needle, said thread-carrier and needle being mounted upon supports reciprocating laterally of the line of feed, and a loop-holder movable laterally of the needle and between the latter and the tlnead-carrier.

1G. A stitch-forming mechanism provided with a thread-carrier and a looper movable laterally of the line of feed and co-operating in different planes, the looper engaging' the thread borne by the carrier to form loops thereof and interloop the latter, thereby forming stitches, in combination With an intermittingly-acting feed mechanism operating to advance the material after the formation of two or more complete stitches by the stitch-forming mechanism, whereby two or more stitches are made in the interval between successive feed movements, substantially as described 17. A stitch-forming mechanism provided with a reciprocatinglatch-needle movable laterally of the line of feed, and a thread-carrier also moving laterally of the line of feed to present the thread to the latch-needle in different planes to form successive loops and interloop the latter, in combination with an intermittin gly-actin g feed mechanism operating to advance the material after the formation of tivo or more stitches and remaining idle during the formation of successive stitches ICO by the stitch-forming mechanism7 substantially as described.

1S. The combination of a stitch-forming mechanism movable laterally of the line of feed, and comprising a thread-carrier and a looper, the latter co-operating with the threadcarrier to grasp the thread carried thereby and form and interloop loops thereof, a variable shifting mechanism controlling the lateral movements of the stitch-forming mechanism and determining the length of successive loops, and an intermittingly-acting feed mechanism, substantially as described, whereby successive stitches varying in length may be formed at substantially the same point in the interval between successive actions ot' the feed mechanism.

19. The combination, with a stitch-forming mechanism provided with a tlireadcarrier and a looper engaging the thread in the carrier at intervals, said carrier and looper'co-operating at intervals and in different planes and being moved laterally of the line of feed and an intermittingly-acting feed mechanism, of actuating devices controlling the lateral movements of the stitch-for1ning mechanism and operating to vary the extent of movement for successive stitches, substantially as described.

20. The combination, with a needle reciprocating in two planes, the one longitudinally of the needle and the other laterally thereof, a support movable laterally of the needle, and an oscillating thread-carrier mounted upon said support to oscillate about a vertical axis and operating to present the thread to the needle at or near opposite extremes of its lateral movements, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof:` l have hereninto set my hand this 13th day of October, 1888.

GEORGE D. MUNSING.

In presence of:

A. C. PAUL, A. M. GAsKELL. 

